Question

nonverbal communication: appearance, gestures, and expressions
pre-test complete

other than personal appearance, what are the other four nonverbal message channels that we use to communicate?
a. personal political views; personal hygiene; group identification; and impersonal (public) space
b. covert body movements; personal hygiene; impersonal (public) space; and status
c. physical characteristics; body movement or stillness; personal possessions; and personal
preferences about spending time
d. personal space; social space; and impersonal (public) space; and time

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option a: Personal political views are verbal/attitudinal, not nonverbal communication channels. Eliminate.
• Option b: Covert body movements are unclear, personal hygiene is about cleanliness (not a communication channel), and status is a social construct, not a nonverbal channel. Eliminate.
• Option c: Physical characteristics are inherent, personal preferences about time spending are not a nonverbal channel. Eliminate.
• Option d: Personal space, social space, impersonal (public) space, and time are all recognized nonverbal communication channels (proxemics and chronemics).

Answer:

d. personal space; social space, and impersonal (public) space; and time