Question

1. name two things found in a plant cell that are not found in an animal cell.
2. how does the shape of a plant cell differ from that of an animal cell?
3. what is the function of the chloroplasts?
4. what is the function of the vacuole?
5. what is the function of the mitochondria? why do plants need both a chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Explanation:

1. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts which are absent in animal cells.
2. Plant cells are usually more rigid and rectangular - shaped due to the cell wall, while animal cells are more irregular in shape.
3. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis, where plants convert light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.
4. Vacuoles in plant cells store water, nutrients, and waste products. They also help maintain turgor pressure in the cell.
5. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration. Plants need both chloroplasts (for photosynthesis to make glucose) and mitochondria (to break down glucose and release energy in the form of ATP for cellular activities).

Answer:

1. Cell wall and chloroplasts.
2. Plant cells are more rigid and rectangular - shaped (due to cell wall), animal cells are irregular.
3. Site of photosynthesis (convert light, \(CO_2\), \(H_2O\) to glucose and \(O_2\)).
4. Store water, nutrients, waste; maintain turgor pressure.
5. Generate ATP (powerhouse of the cell). Need chloroplasts (make glucose via photosynthesis) and mitochondria (break down glucose to release energy as ATP).