Question

name: period: date: 5.1 immune response extra practice directions: base your answers to the questions on the information and your knowledge of biology. 1. label the diagram -pathogens -antigens -antibodies -white blood cells 2. describe what is happening in each section of the diagram using the above vocabulary. i: ii: iii: 3. the diagram below shows a cell in the human body engulfing a bacterial cell. the cell labeled x is most likely a (1) red blood cell (3) liver cell (2) white blood cell (4) nerve cell 4. the diagram below represents one type of white blood cell. this type of white blood cell ingests microbes. a function of another type of white blood cell is to (1) prevent the loss of blood from a wound (2) produce specialized molecules that mark invaders (3) increase the number of red blood cells in the blood (4) cause gene mutations that will increase immune responses 5. cells of the immune systems are able to respond to the presence of invading organisms because they recognize the (1) antigens present on the invaders (3) antibodies present in invading pathogens (2) dna pattern in the nuclei of viruses (4) antibiotics released from microbes 6. some human white blood cells help to destroy pathogenic bacteria by (1) causing mutations in the bacteria (2) engulfing and digesting the bacteria (3) producing toxins that compete with bacterial toxins (4) inserting part of their dna into the bacterial cells

Explanation:

1. Labeling depends on diagram details: Pathogens are invading microbes; antigens are molecules on pathogens; antibodies are proteins binding antigens; white blood cells (e.g., phagocytes) attack pathogens.
2. Section I: Pathogens (with antigens) near white blood cells. Section II: White blood cells interact with pathogens via antigens/antibodies. Section III: White blood cells engulf/destroy pathogens.
3. White blood cells engulf bacteria (phagocytosis).
4. Other white blood cells (e.g., B cells) produce antibodies (mark invaders).
5. Immune cells recognize antigens on invaders.
6. Phagocytic white blood cells engulf and digest bacteria.

Answer:

1. (Depends on diagram labels; typical: I=pathogens/antigens, II=white blood cells/antibodies, III=white blood cells engulfing pathogens)
2. I: Pathogens (with antigens) are present near white blood cells.

II: White blood cells bind to pathogens using antigens/antibodies.
III: White blood cells engulf and destroy pathogens.

1. (2) white blood cell
2. (2) produce specialized molecules that mark invaders
3. (1) antigens present on the invaders
4. (2) engulfing and digesting the bacteria