Question

name(s) per part c: distinguish between fission and fusion go to nuclear fission and fusion - difference and comparison | diffen 1. fill in the chart showing the differences between fission and fusion. 2. draw the diagram for a nuclear fusion and nuclear fission reaction. 3. which occurs naturally in nature, fission or fusion? explain. 4. which type of reaction is used in an atom bomb? a hydrogen bomb? 5. which type of bomb was detonated by the united states in 1945 on the japanese city of hiroshima? 6. which is more environmentally friendly, a fission or fusion reaction? explain.

Explanation:

• Natural occurrence of the process: Nuclear fission occurs in some natural radioactive decay processes (e.g., in uranium - 235 in nature under certain conditions), while nuclear fusion occurs naturally in stars (like the Sun).
• Byproducts of the reaction: Fission produces radioactive waste (e.g., strontium - 90, cesium - 137) and smaller nuclei. Fusion produces non - radioactive helium (in the case of hydrogen - hydrogen fusion) and a large amount of energy.
• Energy Ratios: Fusion generally releases more energy per unit mass of fuel compared to fission. For example, the energy released per kilogram of hydrogen in fusion is much higher than that per kilogram of uranium in fission.
• Nuclear weapon: Fission is used in atomic bombs (e.g., the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki used uranium - 235 or plutonium - 239 fission). Fusion is used in hydrogen bombs (which use a fission bomb as a trigger to initiate fusion).
• Definition: Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus (e.g., uranium - 235) into smaller nuclei. Nuclear fusion is the combining of light nuclei (e.g., hydrogen isotopes) to form a heavier nucleus.
• Conditions: Fission can occur at relatively lower temperatures (but still requires a critical mass and a neutron source). Fusion requires extremely high temperatures (millions of degrees Celsius) and high pressures to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged nuclei.
• Energy requirement: Fission requires a small amount of energy (to start the chain reaction, usually from a neutron source). Fusion requires a large amount of energy to initiate (to reach the high temperatures and pressures), but once started, it can release a vast amount of energy.

Question 3

• Explanation: Fusion occurs naturally in stars. In stars, the high temperatures and pressures allow hydrogen nuclei to fuse to form helium. Fission can occur naturally in some radioactive decay processes (e.g., in uranium ores), but it is less common in a "natural" sense compared to the widespread occurrence of fusion in stars.
• Answer: Fusion occurs naturally in stars (e.g., the Sun), while fission can occur in some natural radioactive decay (but is less common in a large - scale natural sense). So fusion is more commonly considered as occurring naturally in nature.

Question 4

• Explanation: An atom bomb uses fission. A hydrogen bomb uses fusion (triggered by a fission bomb).
• Answer: An atom bomb uses fission. A hydrogen bomb uses fusion.

Question 5

• Explanation: The bomb detonated on Hiroshima was a uranium - 235 fission bomb.
• Answer: A fission bomb (uranium - 235 based).

Question 6

• Explanation: Fusion is more environmentally friendly. Fission produces radioactive waste that is hazardous for thousands of years. Fusion (using hydrogen isotopes) produces non - radioactive helium (and a small amount of radioactive material from the reactor materials, but much less compared to fission waste).
• Answer: Fusion is more environmentally friendly. Fission produces long - lived radioactive waste, while fusion (with hydrogen isotopes as fuel) produces non - radioactive helium (and less radioactive by - products from the reactor structure).

Answer:

• Natural occurrence of the process: Nuclear fission occurs in some natural radioactive decay processes (e.g., in uranium - 235 in nature under certain conditions), while nuclear fusion occurs naturally in stars (like the Sun).
• Byproducts of the reaction: Fission produces radioactive waste (e.g., strontium - 90, cesium - 137) and smaller nuclei. Fusion produces non - radioactive helium (in the case of hydrogen - hydrogen fusion) and a large amount of energy.
• Energy Ratios: Fusion generally releases more energy per unit mass of fuel compared to fission. For example, the energy released per kilogram of hydrogen in fusion is much higher than that per kilogram of uranium in fission.
• Nuclear weapon: Fission is used in atomic bombs (e.g., the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki used uranium - 235 or plutonium - 239 fission). Fusion is used in hydrogen bombs (which use a fission bomb as a trigger to initiate fusion).
• Definition: Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus (e.g., uranium - 235) into smaller nuclei. Nuclear fusion is the combining of light nuclei (e.g., hydrogen isotopes) to form a heavier nucleus.
• Conditions: Fission can occur at relatively lower temperatures (but still requires a critical mass and a neutron source). Fusion requires extremely high temperatures (millions of degrees Celsius) and high pressures to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged nuclei.
• Energy requirement: Fission requires a small amount of energy (to start the chain reaction, usually from a neutron source). Fusion requires a large amount of energy to initiate (to reach the high temperatures and pressures), but once started, it can release a vast amount of energy.

Question 3

• Explanation: Fusion occurs naturally in stars. In stars, the high temperatures and pressures allow hydrogen nuclei to fuse to form helium. Fission can occur naturally in some radioactive decay processes (e.g., in uranium ores), but it is less common in a "natural" sense compared to the widespread occurrence of fusion in stars.
• Answer: Fusion occurs naturally in stars (e.g., the Sun), while fission can occur in some natural radioactive decay (but is less common in a large - scale natural sense). So fusion is more commonly considered as occurring naturally in nature.

Question 4

• Explanation: An atom bomb uses fission. A hydrogen bomb uses fusion (triggered by a fission bomb).
• Answer: An atom bomb uses fission. A hydrogen bomb uses fusion.

Question 5

• Explanation: The bomb detonated on Hiroshima was a uranium - 235 fission bomb.
• Answer: A fission bomb (uranium - 235 based).

Question 6

• Explanation: Fusion is more environmentally friendly. Fission produces radioactive waste that is hazardous for thousands of years. Fusion (using hydrogen isotopes) produces non - radioactive helium (and a small amount of radioactive material from the reactor materials, but much less compared to fission waste).
• Answer: Fusion is more environmentally friendly. Fission produces long - lived radioactive waste, while fusion (with hydrogen isotopes as fuel) produces non - radioactive helium (and less radioactive by - products from the reactor structure).