Question

name
class
date
lesson 4, continued
list the missing causes or effects of changes in the workplace.
causes
effects
1.
the cottage industry system declines and dies.
the number of factories in the united states increased rapidly.
2.
the growth of industry brings about the use of production processes dependent on new machines
3.
4.
young farm girls and women flock to lowell and other mill towns.
5.
workers strike at lowell in 1834 and 1836.
the company threatens to recruit local women to fill strikers’ jobs; strikers are criticized by the local press and clergy; strike leaders are fired.
6.
7.
male artisans and unskilled workers also strike in the 1830s and 1840s.
unskilled workers become easily replaceable by immigrants eager for work.
8.
poor wages; poor working conditions; long workdays; ease of breaking strikes all point to the need for unity among laborers.
9.
the supreme court hands down its decision in commonwealth v. hunt.
10.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each row by relating historical industrialization causes and effects:

1. Cause for “cottage industry declines”: The Industrial Revolution (rise of factories/machinery) made cottage production inefficient.
2. Effect of “factories increase”: More factory jobs, urbanization, shift from cottage to factory labor.
3. Effect of “machine - dependent production”: Need for unskilled labor (machines simplified tasks), decline of skilled artisan roles.
4. Cause for “women flock to mill towns”: Factories (like Lowell mills) offered jobs to women, economic opportunities outside farms.
5. Cause for “Lowell strikes”: Poor wages, long hours, harsh working conditions for mill workers.
6. Effect of “strike suppression”: Strikes fail, workers face retaliation, unionization efforts face setbacks initially.
7. Cause for “male workers strike”: Labor unrest spreads, inspired by women’s strikes or own poor conditions.
8. Effect of “unskilled workers replaceable”: Unskilled workers’ wages drop, job insecurity rises.
9. Effect of “need for unity”: Labor unions form (e.g., early trade unions) to advocate for workers.
10. Effect of “Commonwealth v. Hunt”: Unions are legalized (Supreme Court ruling upheld union rights), boosting labor movement.

Answer:

1. Cause: The Industrial Revolution (rise of factory system/machinery).
2. Effect: Growth of factory labor, urbanization, decline of cottage industry.
3. Effect: Decline of skilled artisans, rise of unskilled factory jobs.
4. Cause: Factories (e.g., Lowell mills) offer jobs to women.
5. Cause: Poor working conditions/wages at Lowell mills.
6. Effect: Strikes are defeated, union growth hindered temporarily.
7. Cause: Labor unrest spreads, poor conditions for male workers.
8. Effect: Unskilled workers’ job insecurity, lower wages.
9. Effect: Labor unions form to unify workers.
10. Effect: Unions are legally recognized, labor movement strengthened.