Question

multiple choice 1 point which of the following statements about mitochondrial chemiosmosis is not true? heat energy is required to establish the electron transport chain. proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane play an important role in atp synthesis. the mitochondrial proton gradient provides energy for muscle contraction. the potential energy released from the mitochondrial proton gradient is used to produce atp. a proton gradient is established across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.

Explanation:

In mitochondrial chemiosmosis, the electron - transport chain generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, not the other way around. Proton gradient energy is used for ATP synthesis and proteins in the membrane are involved in this process. The proton gradient does not provide energy for muscle contraction directly. Heat energy is not required to establish the electron - transport chain; rather, the electron - transport chain can generate heat as a by - product in some cases.

Answer:

Heat energy is required to establish the electron transport chain.