Question

3 multiple choice 1 point
marlee is learning how to write. first, marlee is praised for being able to identify letters. next, she is praised for being able to write single letters. after that, she is praised for writing single words. finally, she is praised for writing in full sentences. each time marlee competently completed a task, she was no longer rewarded for that same task again, but instead was rewarded next for completing the following, more challenging task that was closer to the end desired behavior of writing. what is this an example of?
negative reinforcement
shaping
observational learning
classical conditioning

4 multiple choice 1 point
brenda has a stamp card with her local coffee shop that rewards her with one free drink for every 7 drinks she buys. what schedule of reinforcement is this?
variable ratio
fixed ratio
variable interval
fixed interval

Explanation:

Analyze Marlee's learning process

The scenario describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior (writing). Marlee is reinforced first for identifying letters, then writing letters, then words, and finally full sentences. This process of reinforcing closer and closer approximations toward a desired complex behavior is the definition of shaping.

Analyze Brenda's reward schedule

Brenda receives a free drink after a fixed number of purchases (every 7 drinks). Because the reward is based on a set number of responses, it is a fixed ratio schedule.

Answer:

Question 3

• negative reinforcement
• shaping (Correct answer)
• observational learning
• classical conditioning

Question 4

• variable ratio
• fixed ratio (Correct answer)
• variable interval
• fixed interval