Question

in mendelian genetics, what happens during the law of segregation?
a. traits from different parents assort independently.
b. parents pass half of their traits to their offspring; the child will receive one allele from their father and one from their mother for a given trait.
c. parents pass all of their traits to their offspring
d. different traits do not depend on each other.

which statement accurately describes polygenic inheritance?
a. environmental factors have no impact on polygenic traits.
b. multiple genes contribute to a single phenotype, like height or skin color
c. it involves only one gene contributing to a single phenotype.
d. polygenic traits are always dominant over other traits.

what term refers to the observable, physical traits resulting from the interaction between an organisms genotype and its environment?
a. recessiveness
b. genotype
c. phenotype
d. dominance

Explanation:

1. The Law of Segregation in Mendelian genetics states that parents pass half of their traits to their offspring; for a given trait, the child will receive one allele from their father and one from their mother. Traits assorting independently is related to the Law of Independent Assortment. Parents do not pass all of their traits, and different - trait independence is not the Law of Segregation.
2. Polygenic inheritance is when multiple genes contribute to a single phenotype, such as height or skin color. Environmental factors can impact polygenic traits, it's not one - gene - one - phenotype, and polygenic traits are not always dominant over other traits.
3. The phenotype is the observable, physical traits resulting from the interaction between an organism's genotype and its environment. Recessiveness and dominance are about allele relationships, and genotype is the genetic makeup.

Answer:

1. b. Parents pass half of their traits to their offspring; the child will receive one allele from their father and one from their mother for a given trait.
2. b. Multiple genes contribute to a single phenotype, like height or skin color.
3. c. Phenotype