Question

match each anthropogenic (human) cause with its effect on the water cycle.
excessive withdrawal of water from rivers, lakes, and aquifers
building with imperme - able surfaces
deforestation
climate change
a. changes precipitation patterns, evaporation rates, and the frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts and floods.
b. reduces waters ability to seep into the ground and increases runoff, leading to flooding and water quality issues.
c. reduces transpiration, which can alter local cli - mates and reduce precipitation.

Explanation:

• Excessive water withdrawal reduces available water resources, which is not directly described by options a, b, or c. But if we consider the overall water cycle disruption, it's a complex issue. However, looking at the given options:
• Building with impermeable surfaces: Impermeable surfaces like concrete prevent water infiltration. So water runs off more, leading to flooding (matches option b).
• Deforestation: Trees are important for transpiration. Removing them (deforestation) reduces transpiration (matches option c).
• Climate change: It affects precipitation patterns, evaporation rates, and extreme weather (matches option a).

Answer:

Excessive withdrawal of water from rivers, lakes, and aquifers - No perfect match in given options (but if forced, could be seen as a general water cycle disruption not exactly captured). Building with impermeable surfaces - b. reduces water's ability to seep into the ground and increases runoff, leading to flooding and water quality issues. Deforestation - c. reduces transpiration, which can alter local climates and reduce precipitation. Climate change - a. changes precipitation patterns, evaporation rates, and the frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts and floods.