Question

1. list the seven pea plant characters with traits that gregor mendel studied the inheritance of.

a. round
b. yellow
c. white
d. full
e. green
f. axial pods
g. tall

1. mendel’s pea plants were true - breeding. what does this mean?

a. purple is considered dominant because it is always expressed.
b. white is considered recessive because it is only expressed when the purple allele is absent.

1. label the p, f1, and f2 generation in this diagram. give the ratio for each color for the f1 and f2 generations.

diagram with purple and white flowers, generations labeled p, f1, f2

Explanation:

Question 2

Mendel studied seven pea plant characters: seed shape (round/wrinkled), seed color (yellow/green), flower color (purple/white), pod shape (full/constricted), pod color (green/yellow), flower position (axial/terminal), and plant height (tall/dwarf). The given traits correspond to these: a (round - seed shape), b (yellow - seed color), c (white - flower color), d (full - pod shape), e (green - pod color), f (Axial pods - flower position), g (Tall - plant height).

True - breeding plants, when self - pollinated (or cross - pollinated with the same true - breeding type), produce offspring with the same trait as the parent. For example, true - breeding purple - flowered pea plants will always produce purple - flowered offspring when self - fertilized. The options a and b are about dominance and recessiveness, not true - breeding. True - breeding means that the plant is homozygous for a trait, so when it reproduces, it passes on the same allele for the trait, resulting in offspring with the same phenotype as the parent for that trait.

• Labeling Generations:
• P (Parental) Generation: The initial two plants (purple - flowered and white - flowered) shown at the start of the diagram are the P generation.
• F1 (First Filial) Generation: The offspring of the P generation cross. From the diagram, the plants labeled "F1 generation All purple" are the F1 generation.
• F2 (Second Filial) Generation: The offspring of the F1 generation self - pollination (or cross - pollination among F1). The plants labeled "F2 generation 75% purple, 25% white" are the F2 generation.
• Ratios:
• F1 Generation Color Ratio: All the plants in F1 are purple (from the diagram "All purple"), so the ratio of purple to white is \(4:0\) (or simply all purple, 100% purple, 0% white).
• F2 Generation Color Ratio: The diagram shows 75% purple and 25% white. In terms of a ratio (purple: white), since 75% is \(\frac{3}{4}\) and 25% is \(\frac{1}{4}\), the ratio is \(3:1\).

Answer:

a. Seed Shape (round, with wrinkled as the other trait)
b. Seed Color (yellow, with green as the other trait)
c. Flower Color (white, with purple as the other trait)
d. Pod Shape (full, with constricted as the other trait)
e. Pod Color (green, with yellow as the other trait)
f. Flower Position (Axial pods, with terminal pods as the other trait)
g. Plant Height (Tall, with dwarf as the other trait)

Question 3