Question

lee quiñones
icon of the new york subway art movement
lee quiñones is a puerto rican artist who first gained recognition for his graffiti pieces
painted on new york subway cars. born in 1960 in ponce, puerto rico, quiñones later
moved to the lower east side of new york, new york, where he was raised. as a teenager
in the late 1970s and 1980s, he started tagging subway cars. at the time, graffiti was often
denounced as mere vandalism. during that period, new york city was struggling through a
ime of economic and political instability and was on the verge of bankruptcy.
new yorks turmoil led to an era of white flight—a term expressing a mass exodus of
caucasians. many who remained were of black, latino, and asian communities. the work of
quiñones, like that of many street artists of his generation—most of whom came from black
and latino, especially puerto rican, dominican, and cuban communities—was rooted in
revolutionary sentiments. it tended to touch on matters of race, class, and gender. the
street art community was linked to subcultures in hip - hop, punk, and other new wave
movements, which used the streets as a forum for their own expression and discontent with
the status quo. quiñones work, like the work of many great street artists, emphasized a
social and political message of protest—through imagery, symbols, composition, phrases,
and also through embracing materials and venues that were not considered appropriate in
the mainstream political or art scene. most of quiñones early works survive only through
sketches and instantmatic photographs from that time.
3 in his early years, quiñones often painted by moonlight. he used paint markers, spray paint,
what is the most likely reason that the author of lee quiñones includes the detail in paragraph 3 that
quiñones did his early work by moonlight?
a to demonstrate that street art can never reach the heights of respectability that traditional
art enjoys
b to highlight that graffiti art existed on the fringes of society and that artists took risks to
express themselves
c to show that quiñones was insecure about his talent and reluctant to exhibit his art to the
public
d to emphasize that street artists have a natural aversion to social norms and prefer to work
in secret

Explanation:

The text mentions that in his early years, Quinones often painted by moonlight. Moonlight suggests a time when it is less likely to be seen, which implies working in secret.

Answer:

D. to emphasize that street artists have a natural aversion to social norms and prefer to work in secret