Question

leads (leading strand)
primed (primase; rna primer)
bubbles (replication bubble)
forks (replication fork)
:: it describes the newly synthesized dna strand that_____ into the replication fork.
:: in micrographs, an oval - shaped structure that looks like it_____ up.
:: a bare dna template needs to be_____ for synthesis, by adding a short stretch of rna.
:: in micrographs or diagrams, it looks like a road that_____.

Explanation:

• Leading strand: The newly synthesized DNA strand that leads into the replication fork. DNA replication occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, and the leading strand is synthesized continuously in this direction as it follows the replication fork.
• Primed (Primase; RNA primer): A bare DNA template needs to be primed for synthesis. DNA polymerase cannot start DNA synthesis from scratch. Primase synthesizes a short stretch of RNA (RNA primer) that provides a 3'-OH group for DNA polymerase to attach new deoxyribonucleotides.
• Replication bubble: In micrographs, an oval - shaped structure that looks like it bubbles up. During DNA replication, the double - stranded DNA unwinds at multiple origins of replication, creating regions that look like bubbles where the replication machinery is active.
• Replication fork: In micrographs or diagrams, it looks like a road that forks. The replication fork is the Y - shaped region where the DNA double helix is unwound, and new strands are being synthesized. One strand (leading) goes in one direction of the fork's "tines" and the lagging strand (synthesized discontinuously as Okazaki fragments) goes in the other.

Answer:

• leads (Leading strand): It describes the newly synthesized DNA strand that leads into the replication fork.
• primed (Primase; RNA primer): A bare DNA template needs to be primed for synthesis, by adding a short stretch of RNA.
• bubbles (Replication bubble): In micrographs, an oval - shaped structure that looks like it bubbles up.
• forks (Replication fork): In micrographs or diagrams, it looks like a road that forks.