Question

kerry is conditioned to fear strawberries. raspberries are similar to strawberries, and even though no attempt was made to make kerry fear raspberries, she reacts with fear when she sees them. this is an example of

stimulus discrimination.
taste aversion.
stimulus generalization.
stimulus extinction.

Explanation:

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<reasoning>

Analyze the scenario

Using the Classical Conditioning knowledge point, we identify that Kerry has been conditioned to fear a specific conditioned stimulus (strawberries). When she is presented with a new, similar stimulus (raspberries) that she was never directly conditioned to fear, she still exhibits the conditioned response (fear).

Define the psychological phenomenon

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called stimulus generalization. This occurs because the subject transfers the learned response to similar objects or situations without additional training.

Evaluate the options

• Stimulus discrimination: The ability to differentiate between a conditioned stimulus and other similar but irrelevant stimuli. This is the opposite of what is happening here.
• Taste aversion: An active avoidance of a specific food flavor after it is paired with illness. Kerry is exhibiting fear, not taste aversion, and the response is generalized to another fruit.
• Stimulus generalization: The correct term for responding with fear to a similar stimulus (raspberries) as the conditioned stimulus (strawberries).
• Stimulus extinction: The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus. This does not apply to this scenario.

</reasoning>

<answer>
<mcq-option>stimulus discrimination.</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>taste aversion.</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>stimulus generalization.</mcq-correct>
<mcq-option>stimulus extinction.</mcq-option>
</answer>

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Answer:

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<reasoning>

Analyze the scenario

Using the Classical Conditioning knowledge point, we identify that Kerry has been conditioned to fear a specific conditioned stimulus (strawberries). When she is presented with a new, similar stimulus (raspberries) that she was never directly conditioned to fear, she still exhibits the conditioned response (fear).

Define the psychological phenomenon

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called stimulus generalization. This occurs because the subject transfers the learned response to similar objects or situations without additional training.

Evaluate the options

• Stimulus discrimination: The ability to differentiate between a conditioned stimulus and other similar but irrelevant stimuli. This is the opposite of what is happening here.
• Taste aversion: An active avoidance of a specific food flavor after it is paired with illness. Kerry is exhibiting fear, not taste aversion, and the response is generalized to another fruit.
• Stimulus generalization: The correct term for responding with fear to a similar stimulus (raspberries) as the conditioned stimulus (strawberries).
• Stimulus extinction: The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus. This does not apply to this scenario.

</reasoning>

<answer>
<mcq-option>stimulus discrimination.</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>taste aversion.</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>stimulus generalization.</mcq-correct>
<mcq-option>stimulus extinction.</mcq-option>
</answer>

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