Question

instructions
read the article before answering any questions.
natural selection and evolution
have you ever wondered why giraffes have such long necks or why some birds can fly while others cannot? the answer lies in evolution and natural selection.
evolution is the process by which living things change over time. natural selection is one way evolution happens. it means that animals and plants with traits that help them survive are more likely to live and have babies. these helpful traits get passed on to the next generation.
let’s look at an example: the peppered moth. before the industrial revolution in england, most peppered moths were light - colored, which helped them blend in with the trees and avoid being eaten by birds. when factories started making a lot of pollution, the trees turned dark. now, dark - colored moths were harder to see, so they survived better. over time, more moths were dark - colored. this is natural selection in action!
natural selection works like this:

1. there is variation in traits (like color or size) among individuals in a species.
2. some traits help individuals survive and reproduce better than others.
3. those individuals pass their helpful traits to their offspring.
4. over many generations, these traits become more common.

evolution and natural selection help explain why living things are so well adapted to their environments. they also show us how species can change over time.
multiple choice 10 points
7 why did dark - colored peppered moths survive better after the trees turned dark?
○ they were eaten only by white birds.
○ they deliberately changed in one generation.
○ they were better camouflaged.
○ the white moths stopped eating them.

Explanation:

El artículo explica que después de la contaminación, los árboles se oscurecieron. Las mariposas oscuras se camuflaron mejor en los árboles oscuros, evitando ser comidas por aves, lo que les permitió sobrevivir y reproducirse mejor. Analicemos las opciones:

• Opción 1: "They were eaten only by white birds" no tiene soporte en el texto.
• Opción 2: "They deliberately changed in one generation" es incorrecto, la evolución por selección natural ocurre a lo largo de generaciones, no de forma deliberada en una.
• Opción 3: "They were better camouflaged" coincide con la idea de que las mariposas oscuras se adaptaron al entorno de árboles oscuros, evitando depredadores.
• Opción 4: "The white moths stopped eating them" no tiene relación, las aves son las depredadoras, no las mariposas blancas.

Answer:

1. They were better camouflaged.