Question

b. individuals who are less productive or who help to produce goods and services that can be sold for only a low price will earn lower incomes.
c. ownership of capital is more equally distributed than income earned from labor.
d. all of the above.
some of the main reasons for increasing income inequality in the united states are
a. expansion of international trade.
b. rapid technological change.
c. both (a) and (b).
d. none of the above.

Explanation:

• International trade expansion can lead to job displacement for certain workers (e.g., in industries facing strong foreign competition), while benefiting those in export - oriented or more competitive sectors. This can widen income gaps.
• Rapid technological change often requires different skill sets. Workers with skills that are in demand due to new technologies (e.g., in tech - related fields) tend to earn more, while those whose skills are made obsolete (e.g., some manufacturing jobs due to automation) may face lower incomes or unemployment.

Answer:

C. Both (a) and (b).