Question

in a hypotonic solution, water will move _ the cell, causing the cell to _. *
a. into; shrivel
b. out of; shrivel
c. out of; swell or lyse
d. into; swell or lyse

what is the primary difference between diffusion and osmosis? *
a. diffusion requires energy input, but osmosis does not.
b. diffusion does not require energy input, but osmosis does.
c. diffusion is the movement of water from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration.
d. diffusion is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from high to low concentration.

Explanation:

• For the first question: In a hypotonic solution, the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside. Water moves by osmosis (a type of diffusion for water) from an area of higher water concentration (hypotonic solution) to lower water concentration (inside the cell). As water enters the cell, it can cause the cell to swell or lyse (burst if it's an animal cell).
• For the second question: Diffusion is the movement of any substance (gas, liquid - dissolved particles etc.) from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is specifically the movement of water from an area of high water concentration (low solute concentration) to an area of low water concentration (high solute concentration). Both are passive transport processes (do not require energy input).

Answer:

• First question: d. into; swell or lyse
• Second question: d. Diffusion is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from high to low concentration.