Question

humans have a history of adapting bioluminescence for their own purposes. indigenous peoples in indonesia once used bioluminescent fungi to find their way in the dark. before the invention of electrical lights, miners in need of safety lamps captured fireflies in jars to help navigate in the pitch black of underground tunnels. for scientists, the most exciting applications for bioluminescence are still being developed. certain bioluminescent bacteria can be utilized to monitor water quality: when these bacteria encounter a form of pollution, their glow dims, signaling potential water contamination. with the genes responsible for certain fungi’s glow, scientists are researching ways to engineer trees that glow at night, eliminating the need for electric street lamps. glowing house plants could also reduce the need for electric lighting in homes and businesses. bioluminescence is one of the wonders of the natural world that benefits both the organisms that create it and the humans who can harness it. even with all of the exciting potential that bioluminescence holds, one of its greatest aspects remains the simple beauty of a sparkling firefly - lit night, the surface of a bay glowing with... assessment questions which two functions do paragraphs 10 - 11 serve in the article? a. they illustrate humans’ historical utilization of naturally occurring bioluminescence. b. they highlight humans’ recent discovery of how bioluminescent organisms emit light. c. they summarize the limitations of utilizing bioluminescence in developing new technologies. d. they provide additional examples of the

Explanation:

• For Option A: The passage includes historical examples (Indonesian indigenous people using bioluminescent fungi, miners using fireflies) that show humans’ historical use of natural bioluminescence, so A matches.
• For Option D: After the historical examples, the passage gives scientific application examples (monitoring water quality, engineering glowing trees/plants), so D (if it refers to providing application examples) is correct.
• Option B is incorrect as the passage does not focus on how bioluminescent organisms emit light.
• Option C is incorrect as the passage highlights potential uses, not limitations of bioluminescence in technology development.

Answer:

A. They illustrate humans’ historical utilization of naturally occurring bioluminescence.
D. They provide additional examples of the (presumably 'potential applications of bioluminescence' or similar context - based on the passage, as the passage talks about historical uses and then scientific applications like monitoring water quality, engineering glowing trees etc. So D would be about providing examples of applications, though the option text seems cut off but from the passage and options, A and D (assuming D is about applications/examples) are correct. But based on the given options and passage:

First, analyze option A: The passage's first part (about indigenous people in Indonesia using bioluminescent fungi and miners using fireflies) shows historical utilization of natural bioluminescence. So A is correct.

Option D: The passage then talks about scientific applications (monitoring water quality, engineering glowing trees, glowing house plants) which are additional examples of how bioluminescence is used (beyond historical uses). So D (if it's about providing examples of applications) is correct. The other options: B is wrong as the passage isn't about how they emit light but using them. C is wrong as the passage talks about potential, not limitations.

So the two correct options are A and D (assuming D's full text is about providing examples of applications of bioluminescence).