Question

how do systems work together in the human body?
match each term on the left with the best descriptor on the right. each descriptor may be used only once.

1. absorption
2. alveoli
3. arteries
4. capillaries
5. cellular respiration
6. digestion
7. red blood cells
8. veins

a. air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
b. the smallest blood vessels.
c. blood cells that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
d. vessels that carry carbon dioxide - rich blood back to the heart.
e. vessels that carry oxygen - rich blood from the heart to the capillaries.
f. chemical reaction that occurs in cells and requires oxygen and glucose.
g. the process by which nutrients pass from the digestive system to the blood.
h. the process by which food is physically and chemically broken down into nutrients.

1. what is gas exchange?
2. describe one job the circulatory and respiratory systems work together to do.
3. describe one job the circulatory a digestive systems work together t

Explanation:

• 9. Gas exchange: It is the process where oxygen (\(O_2\)) enters the blood from the lungs and carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) exits the blood and enters the lungs. In the alveoli (tiny air - sacs in the lungs), oxygen diffuses across the alveolar - capillary membrane into the blood (bound to red blood cells), and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.
• 10. Circulatory and respiratory systems: One job is to supply oxygen to the body's cells. The respiratory system takes in oxygen (inhalation) and transfers it to the alveoli. The circulatory system (specifically, the pulmonary circulation) brings de - oxygenated blood to the alveolar capillaries. Oxygen diffuses into the blood (attaching to red blood cells), and then the systemic circulation (arteries, capillaries, veins) transports this oxygen - rich blood to all the body's cells.
• 11. Circulatory and digestive systems: One job is to distribute nutrients. The digestive system breaks down food (digestion) into smaller molecules (nutrients) such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. These nutrients are absorbed (e.g., in the small intestine) into the capillaries of the digestive system. Then, the circulatory system (hepatic portal system first for some nutrients, then the general circulation) transports these nutrients to cells throughout the body for energy production (cellular respiration), growth, and repair.

Answer:

• 9. Gas exchange is the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs.
• 10. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to supply oxygen to body cells.
• 11. The circulatory and digestive systems work together to distribute nutrients to body cells.