Question

how does the structure of atoms in a substance determine the substances conductivity? (1 point)

• if an atom’s outer shell of electrons is loosely bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
• if an atom’s outer shell of electrons is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.
• if an atom’s outer shell of electrons is tightly bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.
• if an atom’s nucleus is positively charged, the substance is a good conductor.

Explanation:

To determine the correct answer, we analyze the relationship between atomic structure and conductivity:

• Electrons in the outer shell (valence electrons) determine conductivity. If they are loosely bound, they can move freely, making the substance a good conductor.
• The outer shell of electrons is negatively charged (not positive), so the option about a positively charged outer shell is incorrect.
• Tightly bound outer - shell electrons can't move freely, so such substances are not good conductors.
• All atomic nuclei are positively charged, but this doesn't directly determine conductivity.

Answer:

A. If an atom’s outer shell of electrons is loosely bound to the nucleus, the substance is a good conductor.