Question

how can the privilege of judicial review limit the power of the national government?
by upholding a state law stating that the federal government has no jurisdiction within its borders
by finding federal laws and actions to be unconstitutional, rendering them null and void
by limiting the number of justices a president can appoint in each four - year term
by having lifetime appointments so supreme court justices can avoid party politics

Explanation:

Judicial review is a power of the judiciary (courts) to review and invalidate laws and actions of the legislative and executive branches if they are found to be unconstitutional. This is a key check - and - balance mechanism. When the courts find federal laws and actions to be unconstitutional (by the process of judicial review), they can render them null and void. This limits the power of the national (federal) government as it cannot enforce laws that are against the Constitution.

• The first option about lifetime appointments is more about the independence of Supreme Court justices from political pressure rather than directly limiting the national government's power through judicial review.
• Limiting the number of justices a president can appoint is a political check (related to the executive - judicial appointment process) but not the core of how judicial review limits national government power.
• Upholding a state law that says the federal government has no jurisdiction within its borders is more about state - federal relations in a different context (not the typical judicial review of federal actions for constitutionality).

Answer:

By finding federal laws and actions to be unconstitutional, rendering them null and void