Question

how do mutations lead to variation?
a. by giving organisms new features for survival
b. by producing changes in the genetic code
c. by providing a source of energy for cells
d. by signaling proteins to be synthesized

Explanation:

To determine how mutations lead to variation, we analyze each option:

• Option A: While some mutations might result in new features, the core of variation from mutations is about genetic changes, not just new survival features. So A is incorrect.
• Option B: Mutations are changes in the DNA (genetic code) of an organism. These changes in the genetic code can lead to different traits, which is the basis for genetic variation. This is correct.
• Option C: Mutations do not provide energy for cells. Energy in cells is obtained through processes like cellular respiration, so C is incorrect.
• Option D: Mutations are changes in DNA, not signals for protein synthesis (though they can affect protein synthesis). The process of signaling for protein synthesis is more related to normal gene expression mechanisms, not mutations causing variation. So D is incorrect.

Answer:

B. by producing changes in the genetic code