Question

how did islam influence the government of the ottoman empire?
a. ottoman sultans were subservient to muslim priests called grand viziers.
b. sunni muslims within the ottoman empire were forced to become shia muslims.
c. hindus and sikhs within the ottoman empire paid higher taxes than muslims did.
d. ottoman laws were administered by muslim advisers called ulemas.

Explanation:

• Option A: Ottoman sultans were not subservient to grand viziers (who were administrative officials, not priests).
• Option B: There was no such forced conversion of Sunni Muslims to Shia within the Ottoman Empire.
• Option C: It was non - Muslims (like Hindus and Sikhs) who generally paid higher taxes (the jizya) compared to Muslims in the Ottoman Empire.
• Option D: Ulemas (Muslim scholars) were involved in the administration of Ottoman laws as they were well - versed in Islamic law (Sharia).

Answer:

D. Ottoman laws were administered by Muslim advisers called ulemas.