Question

how did the arrival of hernán cortés in the americas affect the aztec empire?
he provided them new weapons, helping the aztecs expand their empire.
he established a peaceful trade relationship with the aztecs.
he overthrew the empire and destroyed much of its capital city.
he and his men overhunted local animals, creating a food shortage.

Explanation:

Hernán Cortés led the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. He and his forces (with native allies) overthrew the Aztec Empire, including destroying parts of Tenochtitlan (the capital). The other options are incorrect: he didn’t help the Aztecs expand, had hostile (not peaceful) relations, and food shortage from overhunting isn’t the main impact of his arrival on the Aztec Empire.

Answer:

He overthrew the empire and destroyed much of its capital city.