Question

the hot cup of coffee and the pond are different temperatures. the cup of coffee will freeze before the pond. although the specific heat of the substance does affect the ability of the material to change temperature there are 2 other factors that affect the ability of a substance to change energy. what are the 2 factors?
the temperature and the number of atoms within the substance. the temperature and the resistance of the material to change temperature.

Explanation:

To determine the two factors affecting a substance's energy - change ability (besides specific heat), we analyze the options. The energy change of a substance is related to the amount of the substance (number of atoms/mass) and the temperature difference (initial - final temperature). The first option mentions temperature and number of atoms (amount of substance), which makes sense. The second option's “resistance to change temperature” is related to specific heat, not an additional factor. So the correct option is the one about temperature and number of atoms.

Answer:

The temperature and the number of atoms within the substance.