Question

1. the hereditary material found in all cells is

a. mrna. b. abc. c. dna d. rrna

1. the flow of inherited information is from

a. protein → rna → dna.
b. dna → rna → protein.
c. dna → protein → rna.
d. rna → dna → protein.

1. transcription of part of a dna molecule with a nucleotide sequence of

aaacaactt results in a mrna molecule with the complementary sequence of
a. gggagaaccc. b. uuuguugaa. c. uuugaagcc. d. cccacctcc.

1. if one strand of dna has the base sequence aagcaa, the complementary

strand has which of the following sequences?
a. uucguu b. ttcgtt c. aagcaa d. ttcgtg

1. a ribozyme is

a. a section of the dna that is expressed in the mrna.
b. an enzyme that removes introns.
c. a complex made up of many ribosomes
d. one of the small ribosomal subunits.

1. for translation to take place, which of the following would not be

required to be present?
a. dna b. mrna c. rrna d. ribosome

1. which is the process that synthesizes mrna?

a. translation. b. transcription c. transposition d. transformation

Explanation:

1. DNA is the hereditary material in all cells. mRNA and rRNA are types of RNA involved in protein synthesis. ABC is not a biological molecule related to heredity.
2. The central dogma of molecular biology states that the flow of genetic information is from DNA → RNA → protein.
3. In transcription, DNA bases pair with RNA bases (A - U, T - A, C - G, G - C). The DNA sequence AAACAACTT would transcribe to UUUGUUGAA.
4. In DNA base - pairing, A pairs with T and G pairs with C. For the sequence AAGCAA, the complementary strand is TTCGTT.
5. A ribozyme is an enzyme (made of RNA) that can catalyze reactions, such as removing introns.
6. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm. DNA is in the nucleus (in eukaryotes) and is not directly involved in the translation process. mRNA provides the code, rRNA is part of the ribosome (along with proteins), and ribosomes are the sites of translation.
7. Transcription is the process where DNA is used as a template to synthesize mRNA. Translation is the synthesis of protein from mRNA, transposition is the movement of genetic elements, and transformation is the uptake of foreign DNA.

Answer:

1. C. DNA
2. B. DNA → RNA → protein
3. B. UUUGUUGAA
4. B. TTCGTT
5. B. an enzyme that removes introns
6. A. DNA
7. B. transcription