Question

is the group of words in bold a phrase or a clause? following a disastrous invasion of russia, french military leader and emperor napoleon bonaparte was forced to abdicate and went into exile on the island of elba phrase clause

Explanation:

A phrase is a group of words without a subject - verb combination. "On the island of Elba" has no subject and verb; it's just a prepositional phrase indicating location. A clause has a subject and a verb (e.g., "She runs" - "she" is subject, "runs" is verb).

Answer:

phrase