Question

explore the relationships among force, mass, and acceleration by investigating the motion of a cart that has a constant mass. increase the force applied to the cart and then measure the resulting acceleration of the cart using an accelerometer.
materials

• accelerometer
• cart, mass of at least 2 kg
• clamp
• hanger for masses
• masses, slotted or hanging, each 100 g (4)
• pillow
• pulley with string
• video camera (optional)

procedure
step 1 set up the experiment as shown in the photo. the cart is connected to a hanging mass by a string, and the string passes over a pulley mounted at the edge of the table. a pillow will stop the hanging mass at the floor.
step 2 you will use the slotted or hanging masses hanging on the string to pull the cart with a constant force. to determine the amount of force for the different masses, multiply the mass, in kilograms, by the acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m/s². the result will be the force in newtons (n). on a separate sheet of paper, record your answers in a table similar to the one shown.

mass	force (n)

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the formula for force

The formula to calculate force from mass is \( F = m \times g \), where \( m \) is mass in kilograms and \( g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 \) (acceleration due to gravity).

Step2: Calculate force for 200 g mass

First, convert 200 g to kilograms: \( 200 \, \text{g} = 0.2 \, \text{kg} \). Then use the formula: \( F = 0.2 \, \text{kg} \times 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 = 1.96 \, \text{N} \).

Step3: Calculate force for 300 g mass

Convert 300 g to kilograms: \( 300 \, \text{g} = 0.3 \, \text{kg} \). Apply the formula: \( F = 0.3 \, \text{kg} \times 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 = 2.94 \, \text{N} \).

Step4: Calculate force for 400 g mass

Convert 400 g to kilograms: \( 400 \, \text{g} = 0.4 \, \text{kg} \). Use the formula: \( F = 0.4 \, \text{kg} \times 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2 = 3.92 \, \text{N} \).

Answer:

For 200 g (0.2 kg): \( 1.96 \, \text{N} \)
For 300 g (0.3 kg): \( 2.94 \, \text{N} \)
For 400 g (0.4 kg): \( 3.92 \, \text{N} \)