Question

an examination of the potential causes of school shootings would be which kind of causal argument?
none of these
speculation of possible causes
argument for unexpected cause
prediction of consequences
8 multiple choice 1 point
miner’s reference to professor linton at the top of the essay is an appeal to ______.
logos
purpose
ethos
pathos
9 multiple choice 1 point
______ is the part of the writing process in which you write your actual essay.
drafting
editing
brainstorming
revising

Explanation:

Question 1 (Causal Argument)

To determine the type of causal argument for examining school shooting causes:

• "Speculation of possible causes" fits as it involves exploring potential (not yet confirmed) causes.
• "Argument for unexpected cause" would focus on a surprising cause (not applicable here).
• "Prediction of consequences" is about effects (not causes).
• "None of these" is incorrect as the first option matches.

Ethos appeals to credibility/authority. Referencing Professor Linton (an academic) establishes credibility, so it’s an appeal to ethos.

• Logos: logical reasoning (not about authority).
• Purpose: not a rhetorical appeal.
• Pathos: emotional appeal (not applicable here).

Drafting is the stage where the actual essay is written.

• Editing: revising for errors.
• Brainstorming: generating ideas.
• Revising: improving content (not the initial writing).

Answer:

B. speculation of possible causes

Question 8 (Rhetorical Appeal)