Question

1. evolution by natural selection will occur when certain conditions are present. these conditions include which of the following? (i. heritable traits. - ii. genetic variation. - iii . differential reproductive success.) marks : 1.00

c. iii only.
d. i and ii only.
b. ii only.
a. i only.

Explanation:

1. Heritable traits (I): Traits must be passed to offspring for selection to act over generations.
2. Genetic variation (II): Provides the diversity of traits for selection to favor some over others.
3. Differential reproductive success (III): Individuals with favorable traits reproduce more, spreading those traits. All three are required for natural selection - the given options are incorrect as none include all three.

Answer:

None of the provided options are correct. The correct answer should be that I, II, and III are all conditions for evolution by natural selection. However, since this option is not given, if we assume there's a formatting error and the intended correct option (with all three) is missing, but based on the standard theory:

To explain the correct reasoning:

• Heritable traits (I) are necessary because traits need to be passed down to offspring for selection to act over generations.
• Genetic variation (II) is required as it provides the raw material for natural selection (different traits to select from).
• Differential reproductive success (III) means some individuals with certain traits reproduce more than others, leading to the spread of favorable traits.

But if we have to choose from the given options (assuming a possible error in the question's option set), and if we misinterpret, but actually, the standard answer includes all three. Since the options don't have that, but if we consider that maybe the question had a typo, and the intended correct option (with I, II, III) is missing. However, based on the given options, there's a mistake. But if we follow the standard theory, the correct conditions are I, II, and III.

(Note: If we strictly follow the given options, there's an error. But if we assume that maybe the options were misprinted and the correct one with all three is missing, but as per the theory, all three are required.)

If we have to pick from the given options (even though they are incorrect), but that's not possible. So the question's options are flawed. But the correct conditions for natural selection are heritable traits, genetic variation, and differential reproductive success.