Question

1. the energy stored in food molecules is released during

(1) digestion
(3) circulation
(2) excretion
(4) respiration
directions (5 - 7): for each phrase in questions 5 through 7, select the life process, chosen
from the list below, that is most closely associated with that phrase. then write its number in the
space next to the question.
life processes
(1) digestion
(2) excretion
(3) reproduction
(4) respiration

1. the removal of metabolic wastes.
2. the release of energy from foods.
3. the production of new organisms that are essentially the same as their parents.
4. before being transported in the body, food must be

(1) digested by enzymes
(2) absorbed by alveoli
(3) moved by cilia
(4) egested by the large intestine

1. the manufacture of insulin in the pancreas is an example of the life function called

(1) excretion
(3) synthesis
(2) respiration
(4) reproduction

1. which process takes place during digestion?

(1) large molecules are broken into small molecules.
(2) small molecules join to form large molecules.
(3) large molecules are changed into different large molecules.
(4) small molecules are changed into different small molecules.
c. essay question
directions: use complete sentences to answer the question in this part.

1. state one difference between the processes of egestion and excretion.

Explanation:

• Question 4: Respiration is the process where energy stored in food molecules is released. In respiration, glucose (a food molecule) reacts with oxygen to produce energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
• Question 5: Excretion is the removal of metabolic wastes. Metabolic wastes are by - products of chemical reactions in the body (e.g., urea from protein metabolism).
• Question 6: As mentioned above, respiration releases energy from foods.
• Question 7: Reproduction is the production of new organisms. Asexual reproduction produces new organisms that are essentially the same as their parents (e.g., binary fission in bacteria).
• Question 8: Before being transported in the body, food must be digested by enzymes. Digestion breaks down large, insoluble food molecules (e.g., starch, proteins) into small, soluble molecules (e.g., glucose, amino acids) that can be absorbed.
• Question 9: The manufacture of insulin in the pancreas is an example of synthesis. Synthesis is the process of making complex molecules from simpler ones. Insulin is a protein hormone synthesized from amino acids.
• Question 10: During digestion, large molecules are broken into small molecules. For example, starch (a large carbohydrate) is broken down into glucose (a small sugar) by digestive enzymes.

Answer:

1. (4) respiration
2. (2) Excretion
3. (4) Respiration
4. (3) Reproduction
5. (1) digested by enzymes
6. (3) synthesis
7. (1) Large molecules are broken into small molecules.