Question

in an electromagnetic wave, an electric field exists perpendicular to a magnetic field, and both fields are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. these characteristics indicate that an electromagnetic wave is which of the following wave types? a mechanical b longitudinal c transverse d gravitational

Explanation:

Step1: Recall wave type definitions

• Mechanical waves: Require a medium, e.g., sound (longitudinal) or water (transverse).
• Longitudinal waves: Particles oscillate parallel to wave direction (e.g., sound).
• Transverse waves: Particles oscillate perpendicular to wave direction.
• Gravitational waves: Ripple in spacetime, not related to E&M fields.

Step2: Analyze EM wave properties

EM waves have electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and to wave propagation (direction of travel). This matches transverse wave definition (oscillations perpendicular to direction).

Answer:

C. Transverse