Question

during which cycle are chromosomes replicated, going from rod - shaped to x - shaped?
prophase
synthesis
gap 2
telophase
gap1
what is diploid?
having 2 copies of a chromosome, one from mom and one from dad
chromosomes that are rod - shaped
chromosomes that are x - shaped
having 1 copy of a chromosome with parts of mom and parts of dad

Explanation:

• First question: In the cell cycle, DNA replication (which makes chromosomes go from rod - shaped to X - shaped as sister chromatids are formed) occurs during the Synthesis (S) phase. Prophase is part of mitosis where chromosomes condense but replication has already occurred. Gap 2 (G2) is a growth phase after S phase. Telophase is the end of mitosis where chromosomes de - condense. Gap 1 (G1) is a growth phase before S phase.
• Second question: Diploid means having two sets of chromosomes. One set is inherited from the mother and one from the father. Rod - shaped or X - shaped refers to the physical appearance of chromosomes at different stages (before and after replication). Having one copy of a chromosome (even with parts from both parents) is not diploid; diploid is about the number of sets (two), not the composition of a single chromosome.

Answer:

• First question: Synthesis
• Second question: Having 2 copies of a chromosome, one from mom and one from dad