Question

1. during translation, what molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?

a. mrna
b. trna
c. rrna
d. dna

1. a scientist observes a cell with a damaged ribosome. which process would be directly affected?

a. replication
b. transcription
c. translation
d. mutation repair

Explanation:

1. mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome. tRNA (transfer RNA) has an anticodon that pairs with a codon on mRNA and carries the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome. rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is part of the ribosome structure. DNA is the storage of genetic information.
2. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis (translation). Replication is DNA copying. Transcription is DNA to RNA synthesis (occurs in the nucleus, ribosome - independent). Mutation repair is a different cellular mechanism not directly tied to ribosome function.

Answer:

1. b. tRNA
2. C. Translation