Question

document 2
german economist friedrich list wrote the national system of political economy in 1841 after serving as american consul in germany and assisting in the development of railways in germany.
the more that man and the community perfect themselves, the more are they enabled to make use of the natural powers which are within their reach for the accomplishment of their objects, and the more does the sphere of what is within their reach extends itself.
the hunter does not employ the thousandth part, the shepherd not the hundredth part, of those natural advantages which surround him. the sea, foreign climates and countries, yield him either none, or at least only an inconsiderable amount of enjoyment, assistance, or stimulants to exertion.
in the case of a people in a primitive agricultural condition, a large portion of the existing natural resources lies yet unutilized, and man still continues limited to his nearest surroundings. ...
through the establishment of manufacturing power in an agricultural state, roads are made, railways constructed, canals excavated, rivers rendered navigable, and lines of steamers established. by these not merely is the surplus produce of the agricultural land converted into machinery for yielding income, not merely are the powers of labor of those who are employed by it brought into activity, not only is the agricultural population enabled to obtain from the natural resources which it possesses an infinitely greater return than before, but all minerals, all metals, which heretofore were lying idle in the earth are now rendered useful and valuable.
source: friedrich list, the national system of political economy, 1841

1. using document 2, identify list’s purpose in writing the excerpt.

Explanation:

Friedrich List's excerpt discusses how human and community development (via manufacturing, infrastructure like railways/roads) unlocks natural resources, boosts productivity, and improves returns. His purpose is to advocate for establishing manufacturing power (and related infrastructure) to utilize natural resources, activate labor, and enhance economic output, showing how manufacturing transforms an agricultural society’s resource use and economic potential.

Answer:

List's purpose in writing the excerpt is to argue for the establishment of manufacturing power (along with associated infrastructure like roads, railways, etc.) in a society, as he demonstrates how such development unlocks the utilization of natural resources, activates labor, increases economic returns from resources, and transforms an agricultural - based society by making previously idle resources (like minerals, metals) valuable and boosting the productivity of the agricultural population.