Question

deposit the larger particles of their load relatively close to its source. on the other hand, glaciers carried their load of sediments, including boulders of granite and gravels from canada, hundreds of kilometers southward into new york state. in western new york state where the local bedrock is sedimentary, most often shale, siltstone, and limestone, these foreign rock types are especially noticeable. new york soils have a greater variety of minerals and they are more fertile than they would have been if they contained only local rocks. large rocks that were transported from one area to another by glaciers are known as erratics.

1. what is the main difference between sediment deposited by water and sediments deposited by glaciers?
2. what is glacial sediment called?
3. what is a large rock transported by a glacier called?

moraines and kettles
a moraine is a mass of till deposited by a glacier. sometimes moraines form hills, often irregular in shape, where a glacier stopped advancing. this kind of deposit is known as a terminal moraine. even though the front of the glacier was nearly stationary, ice continued to transport sediment to the front of the glacier where it was released. the barriers of sediment that close of the finger lakes are moraines. smaller moraines can be found throughout the state. most of these are places where the ice front stalled and dumped its sediment load over a period of time. among the irregular hills in a moraine are depressions called kettles. a kettle is a small closed basin with no low level outlet. some kettles form when a block of ice within the till melts, leaving a closed depression.

Explanation:

• For question 9: The text implies that water deposits larger particles closer to source (as a general sediment - deposition concept, though not explicitly stated for water in the given text but can be inferred from the contrast with glaciers which carry sediments over long distances). Glaciers carry sediments (like from Canada to New York State) over long distances.
• For question 10: The text clearly states "A moraine is a mass of till deposited by a glacier".
• For question 11: The text says "Large rocks that were transported from one area to another by glaciers are known as erratics".

Answer:

1. Water deposits larger particles relatively close to the source, while glaciers can transport sediments (including large rocks) over long distances.
2. Till (as part of a moraine, but the direct answer for glacial sediment is till).
3. Erratic.