Question

darwins theory that the \fitter\ survive and reproduce more offspring, who then inherit the traits that made their parents \fitter\ is called
○ mixed reproduction.
○ survival of the fittest.
○ heredity.
○ natural selection.

Explanation:

• "Mixed reproduction" is not a term related to Darwin's theory about survival and trait inheritance.
• "Survival of the fittest" is a phrase associated with this concept but is more of a description, while the process described (fitter individuals surviving, reproducing, and passing on traits) is defined as natural selection.
• "Heredity" is the passing of traits but does not include the survival and reproductive advantage aspect.
• "Natural selection" is the process where organisms with favorable traits (making them "fitter") survive, reproduce more, and pass those traits to offspring, which matches the description.

Answer:

B. survival of the fittest (Note: Actually, the most accurate term for the process described is natural selection, but among the options, "survival of the fittest" is the phrase coined to describe this aspect of natural selection. However, if we strictly follow the options, the correct answer is the option labeled as "survival of the fittest" (assuming the options are labeled as A, B, C, D with B being "survival of the fittest"). Wait, actually, the process is natural selection, but "survival of the fittest" is a common way to describe the mechanism of natural selection. Let's re - evaluate:

The question describes the process where fitter organisms survive, reproduce more, and pass on traits. "Natural selection" is the correct term for this process. But let's check the options again:

• Mixed reproduction: Incorrect.
• Survival of the fittest: A phrase that describes the outcome of natural selection, where the fittest (best adapted) survive and reproduce.
• Heredity: Just the passing of traits, not the selection process.
• Natural selection: The process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

In Darwin's theory, the concept of "survival of the fittest" is a way to explain natural selection. But the process described in the question is natural selection. However, among the given options, "survival of the fittest" is the option that is most closely related to the description. Wait, no, actually, the correct term for the process is natural selection. Let's check the definitions:

Natural selection: The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Survival of the fittest: A phrase that summarizes natural selection, meaning that the organisms best suited to their environment will survive and reproduce.

So if the options are:

A. mixed reproduction.

B. survival of the fittest.

C. heredity.

D. natural selection.

Then the correct answer is B (survival of the fittest) as it is the term that directly refers to the idea of fitter organisms surviving and reproducing more, passing on their traits. (Although natural selection is the broader process, the question's description matches the "survival of the fittest" concept which is a key part of natural selection.)

So the answer is the option with "survival of the fittest" (assuming the options are labeled, for example, if the second option is B, then B. survival of the fittest).