Question

countries which border the persian gulf such as kuwait have very limited fresh water supplies. many are forced to search for water from other sources such as
a refining petroleum oil into drinking water.
b desalinization of salt water from the persian gulf.
c importing water using the same ships that transport oil.
d pumping water from the black sea through an overland pipeline.

Explanation:

Countries bordering the Persian Gulf (like Kuwait) have limited fresh water. Desalination (removing salt from salt water) of Persian Gulf water is a practical solution. Refining petroleum into water (A) is impossible. Importing water via oil ships (C) is less efficient/feasible. Pumping from Black Sea (D) is geographically impractical (distance, infrastructure). So desalination (B) is the correct method.

Answer:

B. desalinization of salt water from the Persian Gulf.