Question

consider the generalized cladogram of fish.
a fossilized fish is found that has jaws but no true bones. where does this fossil belong on the cladogram?
a
b

Explanation:

A cladogram shows evolutionary relationships. The fossil has jaws (so it's beyond the "Jaws" trait branch - not C or D). It has no true bones (so it's not on the "Bones" trait branch - not A). So it must be at position B.

Answer:

B