Question

conflict theory emphasizes the impact of ______ on all major decisions.

select one:
a. stress
b. irrational thinking
c. emotional stability
d. complete information

Explanation:

Identify the core theoretical framework

The question asks about "Conflict theory" in the context of major decisions. In health psychology and behavioral science, Janis and Mann's conflict theory of decision-making describes how individuals cope with the psychological stress of making important choices.

Analyze the role of stress in conflict theory

According to Janis and Mann's conflict theory, making major decisions inherently generates psychological conflict, which is experienced as stress. This stress arises from worrying about the potential losses associated with any chosen course of action.

Evaluate the given options

• A. stress: This is the central variable in conflict theory. The level of stress determines which coping pattern (such as vigilance, hypervigilance, or defensive avoidance) a person uses to make a decision.
• B. irrational thinking: While high stress can lead to defective search and processing (irrational-like behavior), the theory itself emphasizes the impact of stress as the primary driving force.
• C. emotional stability: This is a personality trait, not the central focus of conflict theory's situational decision-making model.
• D. complete information: Conflict theory assumes decisions are often made under uncertainty and conflict, rather than complete information.

Formulate the final conclusion

Therefore, conflict theory emphasizes the impact of stress on all major decisions.

Answer:

• (A) stress (Correct answer)
• (B) irrational thinking
• (C) emotional stability
• (D) complete information