Question

conclusions: answer the following questions in complete sentences.

1. what occurs during dna replication?

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1. where does dna replication take place in the cell?

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1. name the three parts of a dna nucleotide:

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1. which enzyme \unzips\ dna to prepare for replication?

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1. which enzyme adds new nucleotides to the dna strands as replication occurs?

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1. which suffix is found on both of the enzymes used in dna replication?

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1. dna replication is a semiconservative process. what does that mean for each new strand formed?

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1. what do you call the two unzipped strands of dna? are they identical?

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1. what kind of bond holds the two pieces of a dna strand together?

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1. why do adenine and thymine fit together and pair up?

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Explanation:

1. DNA replication is the process where a double - stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
2. In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication takes place in the nucleus. In prokaryotic cells (which lack a nucleus), it occurs in the cytoplasm.
3. A DNA nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen - containing base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).
4. Helicase is the enzyme that “unzips” DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.
5. DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the DNA strands during replication.
6. The suffix “-ase” is found on both helicase and DNA polymerase.
7. DNA replication being semiconservative means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized strand.
8. The two unzipped strands of DNA are called template strands. They are complementary (not identical) to each other.
9. Covalent bonds (specifically, phosphodiester bonds) hold the two pieces (nucleotides) of a DNA strand together.
10. Adenine and thymine fit together and pair up because they have complementary shapes and can form hydrogen bonds (two hydrogen bonds in the case of A - T pairing).

Answer:

1. DNA replication is the process of copying a double - stranded DNA molecule to produce two identical DNA molecules.
2. In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication occurs in the nucleus; in prokaryotic cells, it occurs in the cytoplasm.
3. A DNA nucleotide has a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen - containing base.
4. Helicase “unzips” DNA for replication.
5. DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides during DNA replication.
6. The suffix “-ase” is on both enzymes used in DNA replication.
7. Each new strand formed in semiconservative DNA replication has one original and one new strand.
8. The two unzipped strands are called template strands and are complementary (not identical).
9. Covalent (phosphodiester) bonds hold a DNA strand together.
10. Adenine and thymine pair up because of complementary shapes and hydrogen - bond formation.