Question

in classical conditioning, the subject exhibits a(n) ____ response to what at one time was a ____ stimulus
select one
a. automatic, biological
b. programmed, biological
c. voluntary, neutral
d. automatic, neutral

two - year - old monica was playing with a balloon when it accidentally burst in her hands and frightened her. now, whenever she sees a balloon, she starts to cry. this type of learning is called
select one
a. habituation
b. classical conditioning
c. latent learning
d. operant conditioning

two - year - old rhonda received an injection from a doctor who had a beard and wore glasses. now she fears any man who has a beard and wears glasses. rhondas fear is a result of
select one
a. habituation
b. classical conditioning
c. maturation
d. operant conditioning

Explanation:

• For the first question: In classical conditioning, the response is automatic (like a reflex) and the stimulus that was once neutral (didn't cause the response before conditioning) now elicits the response.
• For the second question: Monica's fear of balloons (a neutral stimulus that now causes a fear response) is a classic example of classical conditioning where an association is made between the balloon (neutral stimulus) and the frightening event (unconditioned stimulus).
• For the third question: Rhonda's fear generalization (from the doctor with a beard and glasses - an originally neutral stimulus that became associated with the injection - unconditioned stimulus) to any man with a beard and glasses is a result of classical conditioning.

Answer:

1. d. automatic, neutral
2. b. classical conditioning
3. b. classical conditioning