Question

choose all the density - independent limiting factors from the following choices: wildfires crowding stress floods predation herbivory hurricanes parasitism disease droughts competition

Explanation:

Density - independent limiting factors affect populations regardless of their density. Natural disasters like wildfires, floods, hurricanes, and droughts are density - independent. Crowding stress, predation, herbivory, parasitism, disease, and competition are density - dependent as they are influenced by population density.

Answer:

wildfires, floods, hurricanes, droughts