Question

cells can be categorized into two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. these diagrams show both cell types and some of their structures. the diagrams are not to scale. which structures are found in each cell type? complete the table. ribosomes in the cytoplasm golgi vacuoles ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation:

• Ribosomes in the cytoplasm: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells need to synthesize proteins. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. Prokaryotes have ribosomes in the cytoplasm to make proteins for their basic cellular functions. Eukaryotes also have ribosomes in the cytoplasm for similar protein - making tasks (in addition to other locations like the rough endoplasmic reticulum).
• Golgi: Prokaryotic cells lack membrane - bound organelles. The Golgi apparatus is a membrane - bound organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids. Eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus as part of their endomembrane system.
• Vacuoles: Prokaryotic cells generally do not have vacuoles. Some eukaryotic cells (like plant cells) have vacuoles which can store substances, maintain turgor pressure, etc.
• Ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum: Prokaryotic cells do not have an endoplasmic reticulum (a membrane - bound organelle). Eukaryotic cells have a rough endoplasmic reticulum (with ribosomes attached) which is involved in protein synthesis (for proteins that are either secreted or inserted into membranes).

Answer:

	Prokaryotic cells	Eukaryotic cells
Golgi		$\square$ (should be checked)
Vacuoles		$\square$ (should be checked for some eukaryotes like plant cells)
Ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum		$\square$ (should be checked)