Question

cells can be categorized into two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. these diagrams show both cell types and some of their structures. the diagrams are not to scale. prokaryotic cell eukaryotic cell which structures are found in each cell type? complete the table. golgi vacuoles ribosomes in the cytoplasm ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation:

• Golgi: Prokaryotic cells lack membrane - bound organelles like the Golgi apparatus. Eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus which is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids.
• Vacuoles: Prokaryotic cells generally do not have vacuoles. Eukaryotic cells (especially plant cells) can have vacuoles which are used for storage, maintaining turgor pressure etc.
• Ribosomes in the cytoplasm: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis. In prokaryotes, they are the 70S type and in eukaryotes, the cytoplasmic ribosomes are 80S, but the presence in the cytoplasm is a common feature.
• Ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum: Prokaryotic cells do not have an endoplasmic reticulum (ER), so they cannot have ribosomes attached to it. Eukaryotic cells have a rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with ribosomes attached to its surface, which is involved in the synthesis of secretory and membrane - bound proteins.

Answer:

	Prokaryotic cells	Eukaryotic cells
Vacuoles		✔
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm	✔	✔
Ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum		✔