Question

1. carmen put a sample of water into a sealed tank. water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. at first, the water was a liquid. then she transferred energy out of the substance, and the water changed phase. what happened to the movement of the water molecules?

other the phase change, the water molecules moved .
a faster and started moving away from each other.
b faster and started moving around each other.
c slower and started moving in place.
d slower and started moving around each other.

Explanation:

When energy is transferred out of liquid water (causing a phase change), the water molecules lose energy. In a liquid, molecules move around each other but when energy is removed (like in cooling to become a solid or heating to become a gas? Wait, no—if energy is transferred out, it's cooling. Wait, the problem says "water was a liquid" and then energy is transferred out. So the liquid water would be losing energy, moving slower, and if it's becoming a solid (ice), the molecules move more in place (vibrating) or if it's becoming a gas? No, energy out is cooling. Wait, the options: Let's analyze each option. Option a: faster and moving away—no, energy out means slower. Option b: faster and moving around—no, energy out is slower. Option c: slower and moving in place—if it's freezing (liquid to solid), molecules move in place (vibrate) and slower. Option d: slower and moving around each other—liquid molecules move around each other, but if energy is out, maybe moving to solid? Wait, maybe the phase change is liquid to solid (freezing) when energy is removed. So molecules slow down and move in place (like in a solid, they vibrate in fixed positions). So the correct option should be c? Wait, no—wait, the problem says "water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. At first, the water was a liquid. Then the scientists transferred energy out of the substance, and the water changed phase." So energy out of liquid water: liquid to solid (freezing). In solid, molecules move in place (vibrate) and are slower. So the correct option is c: slower and moving in place. Wait, but let's check the options again. Wait, the options:

a. faster and started moving away from each other. (Gas molecules move fast and away—energy in, liquid to gas)

b. faster and started moving around each other. (Liquid molecules move around—energy in, solid to liquid)

c. slower and started moving in place. (Solid molecules move in place, slower—liquid to solid, energy out)

d. slower and started moving around each other. (Liquid molecules move around, but slower? No, liquid molecules move around each other at a certain speed; if energy is out, maybe moving to solid, so c is better.

So the correct option is c: slower and moving in place.

Answer:

c. slower and started moving in place.