QUESTION IMAGE
Question
a boy of 50 kg jumps off a boat (30 kg), causing the boat to move to the right at 2.0 m/s. in what direction and at what velocity does the boy move? (remember to include - to indicate direction if necessary.)
Step1: Aplicar la ley de conservación de la cantidad de movimiento
La cantidad de movimiento total inicial es cero (ya que el sistema (niño + barco) está en reposo inicialmente). Entonces, \(m_{boy}v_{boy}+m_{boat}v_{boat}=0\)
Step2: Despejar la velocidad del niño
Despejando \(v_{boy}\) de la ecuación \(m_{boy}v_{boy}+m_{boat}v_{boat}=0\), obtenemos \(v_{boy}=-\frac{m_{boat}v_{boat}}{m_{boy}}\)
Sustituyendo \(m_{boat} = 30\space kg\), \(v_{boat}=2.0\space m/s\) y \(m_{boy}=50\space kg\)
\(v_{boy}=-\frac{30\times2}{50}=-\frac{60}{50}=- 1.2\space m/s\)
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\(-1.2\space m/s\)