Question

biomolecule: amino acid
monomers are: name: an amino acid is a monomer of protein!
examples:
functions:
biomolecule: carbohydrate
monomers are: monosaccharide
examples:
functions:
biomolecule: nucleic acid
monomers are: nucleotides
examples:
functions:
biomolecule: lipids
monomers are: glycerol & fatty acids
examples:
functions:
glycerol
3 fatty acids

Answer:

To complete the table for each biomolecule, we analyze their monomers, examples, and functions:

1. Carbohydrate

• Monomers: Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, fructose).
• Examples: Starch (plant storage), glycogen (animal storage), cellulose (plant structure).
• Functions: Primary energy source (e.g., glucose for ATP production); structural support (e.g., cellulose in cell walls); energy storage (e.g., starch, glycogen).

2. Lipids

• Monomers: Glycerol + Fatty Acids (triglycerides: 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids).
• Examples: Fats (animal storage), oils (plant storage), phospholipids (cell membranes), steroids (e.g., cholesterol, hormones).
• Functions: Long-term energy storage; insulation; cell membrane structure (phospholipids); hormone production (steroids); protection (e.g., fat around organs).

3. Nucleic Acid

• Monomers: Nucleotides (sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base: A, T/U, C, G).
• Examples: DNA (genetic material), RNA (protein synthesis: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA).
• Functions: Store and transmit genetic information (DNA); translate genetic info into proteins (RNA); regulate gene expression.

4. Protein (Biomolecule: Amino Acids as Monomers)

• Monomers: Amino Acids (20 standard types, linked by peptide bonds).
• Examples: Enzymes (e.g., amylase), structural proteins (e.g., collagen, keratin), transport proteins (e.g., hemoglobin), antibodies (immune system).
• Functions: Catalyze reactions (enzymes); structural support (e.g., collagen); transport (e.g., hemoglobin); immune defense (antibodies); cell signaling (e.g., hormones like insulin).

Filling the Table:

Biomolecule	Monomers	Examples	Functions
Lipids	Glycerol + Fatty Acids	Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, Steroids	Energy storage, insulation, membrane structure, hormone production
Nucleic Acid	Nucleotides	DNA, RNA	Store/transmit genetic info, protein synthesis
Protein	Amino Acids	Enzymes, Collagen, Hemoglobin	Catalysis, structure, transport, immunity, signaling

If the task is to fill the blank lines in the image (e.g., for “Carbohydrate” row):

• Examples: Starch, Glycogen, Glucose
• Functions: Energy source, energy storage, structural support (e.g., cellulose)

For “Lipids”:

• Examples: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids
• Functions: Energy storage, insulation, cell membrane component

For “Nucleic Acid”:

• Examples: DNA, RNA
• Functions: Store genetic information, protein synthesis

For “Amino Acid” (Protein):

• Examples: Enzymes (e.g., Catalase), Hemoglobin, Collagen
• Functions: Catalyze reactions, transport, structural support, immunity

Adjust based on the specific blanks in the image (e.g., the “Carbohydrate” section in the image has empty lines for Examples and Functions):

Carbohydrate (Top-Right Section):

• Examples: Glucose, Starch, Glycogen
• Functions: Provides energy (e.g., glucose), stores energy (e.g., starch/glycogen), structural (e.g., cellulose in plants)

Lipids (Bottom-Right Section):

• Examples: Triglycerides (fats/oils), Phospholipids, Cholesterol
• Functions: Long-term energy storage, cell membrane structure, insulation, hormone synthesis

Nucleic Acid (Bottom-Left Section):

• Examples: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid), RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
• Functions: Stores genetic information (DNA), facilitates protein synthesis (RNA)

Protein (Top-Left Section, “Amino Acid” as Biomolecule):

• Examples: Enzymes (e.g., Amylase), Hemoglobin, Collagen
• Functions: Catalyzes biochemical reactions, transports molecules (e.g., O₂), structural support, immune response

These details align with standard biology concepts for biomolecules.