Question

autoclaving uses moist heat under pressure.
true
false
question 63 (1 point)
antiviral drugs like tamiflu and relenza, that are effective against the influenza virus by preventing escape from host cells are called antibiotics.
true
false
question 64 (1 point)
many pathogens use the same portal for entry and exit from the body.
true
false

Explanation:

• Autoclaving: Autoclaving is a sterilization method that uses steam (moist heat) under pressure. The high pressure allows the steam to reach a higher temperature than boiling water (e.g., 121°C at 15 psi), which effectively kills microorganisms. So the statement about autoclaving is correct.
• Antiviral drugs vs antibiotics: Antibiotics are used against bacteria. Tamiflu (oseltamivir) and Relenza (zanamivir) are antiviral drugs. They work by inhibiting neuraminidase, an enzyme that helps influenza viruses escape from host cells. So the statement that they are antibiotics is incorrect.
• Pathogen portals: Many pathogens do use the same portal for entry and exit. For example, respiratory pathogens (like influenza virus) can enter through the respiratory mucosa (nose, mouth) and exit (e.g., when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing the pathogen). So this statement is correct.

Answer:

• For "Autoclaving uses moist heat under pressure": True
• For "Antiviral drugs like Tamiflu and Relenza... are called antibiotics": False
• For "Many pathogens use the same portal for entry and exit from the body": True