Question

answer the following questions using the attached provided and your knowledge. colonial of south and southeast asia, 1895 1. siam remained the only independent country in southeast asia in the 1900s, because its rulers 1. controlled europeans that siam held no value 2. defeated all invading european armies 3. made an alliance with the japanese empire 4. embraced modernization and westernization 2. british possession of the city of singapore is associated with the policy of 1. geopolitics 2. nationalism 3. authoritarianism 4. laissez - faire 3. europeans used passages like the one above for the purpose of 1. soliciting donations for humanitarian aid 2. criticizing foreign involvement in africa 3. justifying the building of colonial empires 4. promoting christian missionary activity 4. the idea behind lugard’s text is known as 1. self - determination 2. industrialization 3. the civilizing mission 4. the mandate system 5. a factor that led to the victory of the ethiopians over the italians at adwa was 1. ethiopia’s rugged topography 2. ethiopia’s technological advantage 3. american military intervention 4. italy’s reluctance to fight 6. the battle of adwa is unmatched in that 1. international organizations prevented conflict over colonies 2. europeans agreed to preserve the territorial claims of native people 3. europeans were at a technological disadvantage to a native population 4. native forces were able to overcome the superior technology of europeans

Explanation:

The problem involves historical questions about colonialism in Asia and Africa, including topics like independent states, British possession, Lugard's text, and Ethiopian victory. These fall under the subfield of History (Social Science) as they relate to historical events, policies, and developments in different regions.

Answer:

For question 1 (Siam in Southeast Asia): The correct option is 2. defeated all invading European armies (as Siam maintained independence by diplomacy and military resistance against European powers).
For question 2 (British possession of Singapore): The policy is likely 4. laissez - faire (but need more context, however based on Singapore's colonial history, laissez - faire economic policies were associated with British rule there).
For question 3 (European passages purpose): The purpose is 3. justifying the building of colonial empires (such passages were used to rationalize colonial expansion by portraying natives as in need of European "civilizing" and colonial rule as beneficial).
For question 4 (Lugard's text idea): The idea is 3. the civilizing mission (Lugard's work was part of the ideology that Europeans had a mission to civilize non - European peoples).
For question 5 (Ethiopian victory factor): The factor is 1. Ethiopia’s rugged topography (Ethiopia's mountainous terrain made it difficult for Italian forces to conquer, aiding their victory).
For question 6 (Bank of Adwa scandal): The scandal was about 3. European technological disadvantage to a native population (Ethiopia's victory showed they could overcome European tech in some ways, and the scandal related to misperceptions of African capabilities).