Question

a. the amount of energy in the primary producer level determines how many animals can be supported on the subsequent levels.
b. the number of primary producers in an ecosystem is equal to the carrying capacity of consumers.
c. the more primary producers that are present in the first level, the lower the carrying capacity is for the subsequent levels.
d. the number of primary producers in a community does not have any affect on carrying capacity.
__13. in a food web, which type of organism feeds on every other type?
a) carnivores
b) autotrophs
c) decomposers
d) producers
__14. which pair of organisms most likely belong to the same trophic level?
a) wolves and cows
b) antelope and lions
c) deer and mice
d) grass and deer
__15. if a disease wiped out the tree population in this food web, what would be the most obvious outcome?

Explanation:

Question 13

• Carnivores eat other animals (herbivores or other carnivores), not every type.
• Autotrophs (producers) make their own food, don't feed on others.
• Decomposers break down dead organisms (producers, consumers) and organic matter, so they feed on every type (producers, herbivores, carnivores, etc. when they die).
• Producers make food, don't feed on others.

• Trophic level is based on feeding position.
• Wolves are carnivores (higher level), cows are herbivores (lower) – different.
• Antelope (herbivore) and lions (carnivore) – different.
• Deer and mice: both are herbivores (feed on producers), so same trophic level.
• Grass (producer) and deer (herbivore) – different.

Trees are producers (autotrophs, make food via photosynthesis). Organisms that feed on trees (herbivores, like insects, deer, etc.) would lose their food source. Their populations would decline, affecting higher trophic levels (carnivores that eat those herbivores). Also, oxygen production/CO₂ absorption from trees would change, but the most obvious is herbivores dependent on trees starving, leading to population drops.
(Note: Since the food web isn't fully shown, but based on trees as producers, the outcome is herbivores relying on trees would be affected, population decreases, and cascading effects up the food chain.)

Answer:

c. Decomposers

Question 14